Archive for February, 2007

27
Feb

To Clone or not to Clone?

The picture in the paper immediately caught my eye: a blonde with an adorable tabby kitten in her arms. The cat, Little Nicky, had the distinction of being the first commercially cloned feline. His owner, a Dallas resident named Julie, paid $50,000 US to get her late cat Nicky (Big Nicky) cloned. The procedure was made possible through Genetic Savings & Clone of California.

In the last few years, the cloning of animals – and potentially of humans – has sparked a heated debate throughout the world, particularly after the first cloned animal, the sheep Dolly, made her appearance in 1997. Many religious leaders, for example, have condemned the practice as contrary to the will of God. Other individuals, though, have hailed it as a sign of scientific progress.

I was a little shocked at the woman’s decision to pay $50,000 to clone her cat. In a democracy, however, we are all free to spend our money as we see fit, no matter how frivolous or outlandish the purchase. For instance, nothing is stopping me from spending $10,000 on lipstick (for the record, I don’t wear make-up at all).

While I don’t have any legal problems with cloning, I do have some ethical ones. First of all, if Julie wanted another cat so badly, why didn’t she adopt one from an animal shelter? Going through the drastic step of cloning an animal when there are so many in need of homes can’t help but strike me as somewhat immoral.

I also have psychological misgivings about cloning. It seems that people who clone a pet in the hope of making him or her “live forever” (or at least enjoy a second life) are denying the fact of death. All living creatures die at some point. Most of the time, we outlive our pets. It is natural to want to “hang on” to them, because the loss of an animal, or even the thought of losing one, is hard (I know; my cat Claudia died last year). But owning a pet involves accepting the realities of nature, including death.

I am sceptical as well of the notion that a cloned animal can truly replace the original one. Just because the two have the same genetic makeup does not mean they are “identical.” A well-known example of two individuals who shared the same genes but had very different personalities is that of Chang and Eng Bunker, the original Siamese twins. Chang was essentially an alcoholic, whereas Eng did not drink at all. By the same token, I wonder whether if I cloned my cat Mama her clone would love catnip as much as she does. So by cloning your pet, will you really be getting the same animal as before?

When my cat Claudia died I had her cremated and spread her ashes in my garden. I also have a photograph of her on the mantelpiece. But even these tangible reminders of her don’t compare with the memories of the fun and happy times I had with her. And although I adopted another cat afterwards, this cat did not “replace” Claudia. Nobody could – not an unrelated animal, not a brother or sister of hers, not a clone. Every animal, and person, is a unique individual. Perhaps the best way to make our pets “live forever” is to cherish them while they are alive and remember them after they die.

22
Feb

Movie Review: Cult of the Suicide Bomber

Title: The Cult of the Suicide Bomber
Release: 2005
Genre: Documentary
Run Time: 96 Minutes
Studio/Publisher: Disinformation
Rating: 90%

Former CIA agent Robert Baer narrowly missed becoming a statistic in 1983 when a car full of explosives was detonated near the American Embassy in Beirut. Since then, Baer has relentlessly studied the concept of suicide bombing and sought the mastermind behind the attack that cost him many colleagues, crisscrossing the Middle East in search of motives, tactical information and justification. The Cult of the Suicide bomber traces Middle Eastern suicide attacks to their Iranian origins, where 13 year old Hossein Fahmideh blew himself up on the front lines of the Iran-Iraq war. From there, Baer traces the evolution of suicide bombing from a military operation to an instrument of terror against civilians - predominantly Israelis, though the film opens with scenes from the London train bombing and ends with scenes from the sectarian violence between Sunni and Shia Muslims in Iraq.

The most impressive aspect of this documentary is just how deep into the suicide bombing cult Baer manages to delve. At one point, Baer is standing on the stage at a Tehran University during a lunchtime rally rife with chants of “Death to America”. Later, he sits -petrified- in the middle of a Hamas rally featuring pre-teen children marching with semi-automatic rifles. Baer speaks with leading Hezbollah commanders within plain view of Israeli border guards, speaks with those same border guards later and visits holy sites where attacks were executed by Muslim/Jewish extremists.
Continue reading ‘Movie Review: Cult of the Suicide Bomber’

21
Feb

Movie Review: Grizzly Man

Title: Grizzly Man
Release: 2005
Genre: Documentary
Run Time: 103 Minutes
Studio/Publisher: Lions Gate
Rating: 85%

A couple of years ago my brother told me of a man who had lived among grizzly bears in Alaska and was later killed by one. This man had apparently thought that grizzlies could be tamed and taught not to attack humans. Evidently he was wrong. I then vaguely remembered seeing a magazine article with a photograph of a man standing face to face with a large bear. Though I didn’t connect the picture with my brother’s story at first, they came together for me with the recent release of the documentary Grizzly Man.

The title character of the film refers to Timothy Treadwell, a self-described bear expert and freelance environmentalist who spent time with the grizzlies of Alaska’s Katmai National Park for thirteen summers in a row. In October 2003, he, along with his latest girlfriend Amie Huguenard, was fatally mauled by a hungry bear.

Directed and narrated by veteran German filmmaker Werner Herzog, Grizzly Man includes footage Treadwell took of himself, the park, and the animals there - mostly bears, but foxes too - as well as interviews with people who knew him, such as his parents, an ex-girlfriend, and friends of both sexes. There is even a clip of Treadwell being interviewed by David Letterman.

The scenes from Katmai Park are so breathtakingly beautiful that it is almost worth seeing the movie just for them. The bears are another story. When the first shot of Treadwell standing unarmed (he never took bear spray, let alone weapons, on his visits) in the middle of the park with the bears came on, I felt scared, as if it were me there. I then relaxed, though, on watching him get up close to the bears, talk to them, and touch their noses. He treats the foxes almost like dogs: he pets them, has them lie at his feet and so on. The fox cubs pictured are adorable. Grizzly Man is obviously a fascinating film for people interested in wildlife.

We also learn about Tim Treadwell’s life. He was born in New Jersey to a middle-class American family. His parents describe his childhood as normal. They note he always loved animals. Though he received a swimming scholarship to a college, he eventually dropped out of school and moved to Malibu, California.

A darker side of Treadwell later emerges, however. After trying out but failing to get the role of the bartender in the TV series Cheers [note: some sources say Treadwell’s claim to have auditioned for Cheers was not true; see my note on his habit of stretching the truth], he went on a downward spiral. He began drinking excessively, taking drugs, and became very depressed. A former girlfriend of his mentions that he fell in with dangerous people. He also refused the medication his doctor prescribed for depression.
Nevertheless, Treadwell managed to overcome his alcoholism and drug addiction. He made a promise to the bears that he would give up drinking and devote his life to them, and so began his journey to Alaska every summer for the next thirteen years.
Continue reading ‘Movie Review: Grizzly Man’

20
Feb

1 Gigabyte of Ram? Unthinkable!

The persistent danger with being a constant naysayer or skeptic is ending up with your foot in your mouth should the “unlikely” become reality. Nowhere is know-it-all nay saying more prevalent on the internet, where attention-starved debaters jockey for undefined accolades of intellectual supremacy. Of course, the Internet has a very long memory – hence those who make foolish predictions or criticism achieve their desired immortality under undesirable circumstances.

This is surely the cross to bear for Scott Nudds. In 1997, science student Kristian Thommesen posted a hypothesis on the increasing use of computer RAM to the newsgroup comp.os.ms-windows.misc:

May I ask why not? - if the trend of my personal computers continus,
ther’s a doubling af memory about each 2.5 years.
Now being 64MB - it
would take 4*2.5 years = 10 years before I hit the GB and in 15 years
I’ll hit the 32bit address-space limit.

128MB of memory in a home computer was considered luxurious in 1997 while 1GB (gigabyte, or 1024MB of RAM) was virtually unthinkable - if not due to physical machine capacity then certainly because it was cost-prohibitive to the average PC owner. Still, poor Mr Nudds went over the top in his condemnation –

Exponential growth is impossible to sustain for any appreciable
length of time as a practical matter. The fact that current growth is
exponential means that in short order we can expect it to abruptly halt.
But this is not the reason PC’s will never have gigabytes of RAM.

The reason is simple. Somewhere in the 50 to 200 megabyte range, all
applications, (or at least their active portion), will reside in memory.
Doubling memory may allow the entire set of applications to reside in
memory, but the performance gain will be small. The larger the memory
capacity, the smaller the gain.

Big words. The fourth generation successor to Windows 95 –Windows Vista- was released less than a month ago and exactly 10 years after the RAM discussion above was posted. Vista’s system requirements are telling:

  • 1 GHz 32-bit (x86) or 64-bit (x64) processor
  • 1 GB of system memory
  • 40 GB hard drive with at least 15 GB of available space

So much for the halt of exponential growth. To add further injury, 1GB of RAM can be prohibitive even in Windows XP for users who edit video, compose music or play recent 3D games.

Perhaps Mr Nudds (and hopefully that’s not his real name) can take solace in the fact that he is not the first person to make damnable statements about technology. He’s in good company:

“I think there is a world market for maybe five computers.”
-Thomas Watson, Chairman of IBM (1943)

“I have traveled the length and breadth of this country and talked with the best people, and I can assure you that data processing is a fad that won’t last out the year.”
-Nameless Editor at Prentice Hall (1957)

“There is no reason anyone would want a computer in their home.”
-Ken Olson, Founder of Digital Equipment Corp (1977)

“The Macintosh uses an experimental pointing device called a ‘mouse.’ There is no evidence that people want to use these things. What businessman knows about point sizes on typefaces or the value of variable point sizes? Who out there in the general marketplace even knows what a ‘font’ is? The whole concept and attitude towards icons and hieroglyphs is actually counterrevolutionary”
-John C Dvorak, Now Contributing Editor to PC Magazine (1984)

“Computer games don’t affect kids, I mean if Pac man affected us as kids, we’d all be running around in darkened rooms, munching pills and listening to repetitive music.”
-Kristian Wilson, Nintendo (1989)

17
Feb

Cohabitation: The Final Frontier?

Same-sex marriage is a burning issue in Canada and many other nations. In this country, it has been the subject of magazine and newspaper articles, radio and television shows, books, and, most recently, a debate in federal parliament in which members were called to vote on a motion to introduce legislation defining marriage as exclusively between a man and woman. The majority of members voted against the motion, so Conservative Prime Minister Stephen Harper stated that the debate was closed and would not be re-opened. Gay marriage is thus the “law of the land,” in the words of one website.

Meanwhile another so-called “alternative lifestyle” has garnered some, even if less, attention in the media: cohabitation. (For the purpose of this essay, cohabitation will refer to that involving heterosexual rather than homosexual couples.) This is due to the fact that the number of people living in de facto as opposed to de jure marriages has risen greatly over the last few decades in many Western countries. In Canada this figure grew by 20% just between 1995 and 2001, according to Statistics Canada. The rate is particularly elevated in the province of Quebec - once a hotbed of traditionalism - where almost 30% of all couples live common-law. Cohabitation has similarly increased in the United States and several European nations; in some, such as Sweden , it has essentially replaced formal matrimony. The trend has been less pronounced in other parts of the West. In Italy and Greece, for example, the ratio of married to cohabiting couples remains relatively high. Conversely, in Latin America common-law relationships, called “free unions,” have always existed alongside official marriages. Unlike in Europe or North America, cohabitation was not a sign of being “avant-garde” but lower-class: since weddings could be expensive, marriage in a church or city hall was something of a status symbol.

While again, cohabitation has not been subjected to the same scrutiny as same-sex marriage, it has not escaped public attention either. Much of this attention has been unfavourable. To a certain extent, criticism of gay marriage and common-law relationships has overlapped. Social conservatives, for instance, have condemned both types of unions as affronts to the laws of God – “living in sin” – or, in more secular terms, as threats to the survival of (heterosexual) marriage and family. However, certain critics of cohabitation have been supportive of gay marriage, such as Linda Waite, co-author of the book The Case for Marriage, or basically silent on the issue, like David Popenoe and Barbara Dafoe Whitehead, the directors of the National Marriage Project. The Project’s website lists the purported dangers of cohabitation compared to official marriage: higher failure rates, greater risk of divorce if the relationship eventually leads to marriage, more domestic violence, and the sexual exploitation of women by men who prefer the convenience of “shacking up” to the commitment conferred by a wedding band.

At the same time another group, aptly named the Alternatives to Marriage Project, has sprung up in defense of common-law unions and those involved in them. This organization, run by an American couple who have lived together for a number of years without being formally married, is not anti-matrimony but feels that cohabitation should be accorded the same respect as marriage and that common-law spouses should enjoy the same rights, such as workplace benefits, that their legally married counterparts do.

Continue reading ‘Cohabitation: The Final Frontier?’




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Dateline: USA

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